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upper cervical rotation ROM… Our results show that FHP mediated the relationship between
thoracic kyphosis and cervical ROM, specifically general cervical rotation and flexion. These
results not only support the justifiable attention given to addressing FHP to improve cervical
impairments, but they also suggest that addressing thoracic kyphosis impairments may
constitute an “upstream” approach.

13) Increased forward head posture and restricted cervical range of motion in patients with
carpal tunnel syndrome.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 Sep;39(9):658-64. De-la-Llave-Rincón AI, Fernández-de-las-
Peñas C, Palacios-Ceña D, Cleland JA.

To compare the amount of forward head posture (FHP) and cervical range of motion between
patients with moderate carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and healthy controls. We also sought to
assess the relationships among FHP, cervical range of motion, and clinical variables related to
the intensity and temporal profile of pain due to CTS… FHP and cervical range of motion were
assessed in 25 women with CTS and 25 matched healthy women. Side-view pictures were
taken in both relaxed-sitting and standing positions to measure the craniovertebral angle. A
CROM device was used to assess cervical range of motion. Posture and mobility measurements
were performed by an experienced therapist blinded to the subjects’ condition… Patients with
mild/moderate CTS exhibited a greater FHP and less cervical range of motion, as compared to
healthy controls. Additionally, a greater FHP was associated with a reduction in cervical range
of motion…

14) The role of forward head correction in management of adolescent idiopathic scoliotic
patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Clin Rehabil. 2012 Dec;26(12):1123-32. Diab AA.

To investigate the effectiveness of forward head correction on three-dimensional posture
parameters and functional level in adolescent idiopathic scoliotic patients… All the patients (n =
76) received traditional treatment in the form of stretching and strengthening exercises. In
addition, patients in the study group (n = 38) received a forward head posture corrective
exercise programme… Craniovertebral angle, Functional Rating Index and posture parameters,
including: lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, trunk inclination, trunk imbalance, lateral
deviation, surface rotation and pelvis torsion were measured before treatment, after 10 weeks,
and at three-month follow-up… A forward head corrective exercise programme combined
with conventional rehabilitation improved three-dimensional scoliotic posture and functional
status in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

15) The efficacy of forward head correction on nerve root function and pain in cervical
spondylotic radiculopathy: a randomized trial.

Clin Rehabil. 2012 Apr;26(4):351-61. Diab AA, Moustafa IM.

To investigate the effect of forward head posture correction on pain and nerve root function in
cases of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy… Ninety-six patients with unilateral lower cervical